Giovanni Da Verrazano :: essays papers

Giovanni Da Verrazano Giovanni da Verrazano was a Florentine explorer and navigator. Although he was Italian, he was employed by the kind of France to find a passage to the Pacific Ocean. The exact date of his birth and death are not known, but historians believe that he was born in 1480, and he died in 1527. In 1524, he started on a voyage and discovered Cape Fear. He is believed to have been the first European to sight the New York Bay, but it was not explored until Henry Hudson's voyage in 1609. Verrazono also explored the North Carolina coast and he visited the Chesapeake region and then northward to Nova Scotia. In fact, he explored much of the American coast line. When Giovanni was 39, he explored more of the coast, sailing his 100-ton ship Dauphine for the French. While on this mission, he discovered a "beautiful" harbor in April and gave the name Angouleme to the island that will later be called Manhattan. But Giovanni wasn't flawless. While he was still on this journey, he mistook the large body of water to the west of the Outer Banks of North Carolina for the Pacific Ocean. A map by Sebastian Munster shows the false "Sea of Verrazano." His voyages affected all men because he discovered some important lands that are vital to us today, such as Manhattan. If he had not discovered these expanses, maybe someone else who had different intentions would have found them, and then our whole American history would be different. He could have burned the lands and sold them to Australians, but he didn't. He was responsible, and returned to the King of France with pride. He set a good example for our present day explorers. We may not be searching for new lands, but there is always a new frontier to be explored. There is not a lot written about Giovanni's personal life and his personality, but from what I have read, he seemed to be an adventurous individual who just wanted to explore and discover new lands. He may be overlooked in most of the history books, but without him, America might not be what she is today. His discoveries are so important because they paved the way for future explorations. He sighted many places, and then other explorers came after him and finished his explorations. He opened a lot of doors for other men, and he does not get the credit that he

Contemporary Art Issues: Digital Art in Malaysia Essay

Digital art started around 1952 in US when Ben F. Laposky produced Oscillon Number Four. Artist always eager to produce something that beyond limitation of technology and mostly, artist at that time is computer programmer because no graphic software was available at that time. Herbert W. Franke, John Withney Sr. and Ben F. Laposky are one of the pioneers in digital art. Ben Laposky has created first graphic image generated by an analog machine. A mathematician and artist from Iowa, he produced this image by using manipulated electronic beam display across the fluorescent face of an oscilloscope’s cathode-ray tube and then recorded onto high-speed film. Malaysia Era of Digital Art Digital art in Malaysia started in 1980’s when Dr. Kamarudzaman Md Isa produce a self potrait artwork tittled â€Å"Self potrait† (1984) using BASIC Language programming. Then Ismail Zain appeared with â€Å"Al Rumi†, â€Å"Happy Birthday, Mr Parameswara† and â€Å"Alkesah†. He used to be recognized by his composition drawing example DOT: Detribalization of Tam binti Che Tom (1986). The first exhibition of electronic art were held in National Art Gallery in 1997 curated by Hasnol J Saidin and Niranjan Rajah to introduced digital art which create public awareness about digital art development and impact towards art in this revolution and information era. Today, digital art is not only for programmer but also for illustrator, graphic designer and multimedia, thanks to development of graphic softwares. Issue Discussed Issues of discussion here is about perception of society towards digital art which is the art of computer; is digital art, art? This is a very interesting subject as society still underestimates of digital art as â€Å"easy to produce† and â€Å"have less authentic and aesthetic value†. As people always think that Figure 1 is a painting, hence it is produce using computer software and added a hand touch as finishing. It is clearly stated that value of art would be more appreciate by its audience if it been produced using the traditional method which is hand-painting. Digital art or computer art been question due to originality, authentication, ownership, tangibility and longevity of the artwork. Do these factors make a big difference towards art that produce by computer? Cited from Davis; 341, â€Å"We still bid wildly at auctions and employ armies of scholars to find the â€Å"original,† the â€Å"authentic† masterpiece.†[1] But Beardsley; 232 proposed that artwork is something produced with intention of giving it the capacity to satisfy the aesthetic interest. This statement proves that every artwork that contains aesthetic interest is art. The only difference is computer act as tools to ease artist in produce their artwork. Popper; 78 says that â€Å"For some artists the computer is only a design tool. For other it is means of fabrication; and for yet others, the computer is used because it possesses capabilities analogous to human intellectual processes and may even be considered as a creative entity in its own right.†[2] Still, audience uplifts the romanticism value towards giving art appreciation in produced artworks. As computer actually could preserve the artwork, authentic value been question by audience shows that rejection of the idea to modernize the art culture. Focus of Discussion We are discussing about digital art which carry futuristic and high technology characteristic in design. Combination of photography and art in digital art produce surrealism and realistic identity. Image manipulation was popular back in early of digital art begin and very â€Å"graphic†. Hence, it develops to become more artistic in order to challenge computer program in creating something new. The acceptance of digital artwork is very invaluable on Malaysia due to our audience which more towards conventional art. Dr. Kamarudzaman propose that romantic value syndrome still appears in local audience perspective. Would you buy a projected image on the wall? The answer would be no and this show that we still need â€Å"frame† in order to appreciate artwork value. How does computer art works? The formula would be input, computer system as tools and output as final artwork. Digital art also being define as art in which information is translated for use by computer. Computer art not only broaden the border of art by reach over limitation, but cited from Molnar it also can encourage the mind to work in new ways (Popper: 80). Thus, it is up to audience to decide does digital art contain the same value as conventional art. Even though the difference is only usage of tools, but impact and acceptance of digital art in Malaysia is still far away from society acceptance. Area of Interest First digital artwork which produces by Dr. Kamarudzaman shows that digital art is very interesting in creating and manipulate ordinary images and make it as work of art. Limitation of computer ability is a challenge for artist to create something beyond. For example commodore 64 only available with 64k memory, and attach to television for image display. Some of artist like Ismail Zain, Hasnul J Saidon and Niranjan Rajah are mostly interested in digital art. Hasnul J Saidon still active giving lectures and doing research in new media art scene in South East Asia region. But mostly artist in US are more advance in usage of computer to generate artwork. Example, artist like Boreham (1974) has made use of electronic media in creating synthesized sound for his electro-acoustic composition, as well as computer technology in his graphic work, in such way that the audience is stimulated to go beyond the simple results exhibited and imagines new possibilities, both technical and artistic. The work like Roger Coquart, Jeremy Gardiner, Kammerer-Luka, Joan Truckenbrod, Margot Lovejoy, Jean-Pierre Yvaral and John Pearson also fits into fixed computer works on traditional supports. Analysis of Artwork Artwork of Hasnul J Saidon Kdek! Kdek! Ong display an image of frog and tempurung is one of sinical idea to tell audience that information and tecnology should not be abandone. Even though art is about originality, digital art also have the same identity that not differenciate digital and conventional art. Combination of computer and conventional artwork is very attractive yet delivers the message very clearly. Usage of mixing red, green and blue colour in this artwork shows the feeling of anxiety and unclearly thoughts which is very primary and leads to rejection of new idea and technology. Tempurung were design as a platform to represent the society and their idea still on the bottom, no progress happen where as the frog in the screen (which already accepting the new idea) is already out of tempurung and stay on the top of the rest. Conclusion Conclusion can be made through observation and it show that lack of knowledge, rejection of new idea and romantic value are still the main point of audience in Malaysia did not accepting digital art as an art with value. We still insist the conservative way of art in order to give value of an artwork. Hence photography and video is accepted as an art, digital art is still create their succes in another platform like broadcasting or film but not in art community itself.

Open Letter To University Of Michigan Central Student...

Open Letter to University of Michigan Central Student Government Dear the University of Michigan Central Student Government, As an undergraduate student at the University of Michigan concerned with the stress levels of my peers, I am writing to address the issue of not having enough stress-reducing activities for students year-round. As we all know, college is a very stressful time. Not a week goes by without having an exam, an essay due, or a presentation to give. And if it does, we spend that week prepping for whatever assignment we have the following week. We never get a break. This is why we need the Central Student Government’s help in providing enough stress-reducing activities year-round for every student who wants and needs them.†¦show more content†¦2012). A reduction in heart rate and a reduction in blood pressure are both signs of stress reduction, which shows that interacting with therapy dogs get the job done. This type of stress reduction is easy and accessible, and it is what the students here at the University of Michigan need. The Central Student Government might argue that it is not feasible to have therapy dogs available at all times every single day, which is true, but having them around about once a week would suffice. The Central Student Government might also believe that the University of Michigan does not have the resources or money to make this happen, but many therapy dog owners volunteer their time, rather than get paid for it, so money is not an issue. For example, the organization that the University of Michigan already uses, named â€Å"Therapaws of Michigan†, is a non-profit organization and all of their therapy dog owners are volunteers. It does not cost anything for them to come help us out. Also, space should not be an issue either because first of all, there are always places outside, such as the Diag, to hold these events, and second of all, our campus is so big that finding a room out of theShow MoreRelatedHealth And Life Style Of Graduate Students At Central Michigan University6 928 Words   |  28 Pages Health and Life Style of Graduate students at Central Michigan University MSA 699 Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Administration (Concentration in Health Services Administration) By Abhinay Sunkara Student ID# 613594 Project Instructor Dr. David Freed July, 2015 Read MoreHealth And Life Style Of Graduate Students At Central Michigan University6928 Words   |  28 Pages Health and Life Style of Graduate students at Central Michigan University MSA 699 Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Administration (Concentration in Health Services Administration) By Abhinay Sunkara Student ID# 613594 Project Instructor Dr. David Freed July, 2015 Read MoreDigital Learning vs Traditional2879 Words   |  12 Pagesaccess, to manipulate and remix, and to disseminate. 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