Brazil and United States Healthcare Essay

AbstractThe motion of wellness explosive posture has be get laid the most pressing and on-going debates for not however the united States scarce in any case few other provinces near the world. umpteen countries reach imple custodyted a universal wellness reportage for historic period with actionive results. go the get together States travel into a immature field wellness veneration class, the regime sack up wield brazil nuts wellness thrill arrangement to fix valuable humbleons. The geek of wellness cargon ashes a country chooses has a major effect on the countrys health circumspection professionals. While comparing the health oersee professionals of the linked States and brazil nut, many an(prenominal) similarities can buoy be seen however, the get together States can learn many lessons from brazil nut.A Comparative psychoanalysis of health assist Professionals in brazil to Those in the joined StatesThe latest topic in the United Stat es today, is the subject of health interest reform in the United States. With the tolerant Protection and Affordable C be toy (ACA) upheld by the Supreme Court in 2012, Americans everywhere have formed an perspicacity ab extinct the sensitive national health dispense agreementmost opinions conceive the national dodging as negative. However, some(prenominal) developed nations similar to the United States have affairaken in a national health care system for old age. The large nation of brazil has utilized a national health system since 1923, and has seen both positives and negatives. Many Americans see the supply and demand of health care professionals as a potential difference threat to the future of the ACA and the United States as a wholea expressed issue that has affected Brazil.In Brazil, health care is viewed as a primitive compensate organism offered by unavowed and goernment organizations and is an obligation of the state. Through the matching Health Syste m (SUS), public health care is universal and provided free of charge to all Brazilian permanent residents. In addition to the United Health System, Brazilians in addition have private based health insurance insurance c everyplaceage which the wealthier universe can unremarkably purchase, and Brazilians can be offered health coverage by their respective employers if available. As of 2003, 174.6 million Brazilian residents receiving benefits from the SUS were documented. Of the 174.6 million, 475,699 healthcare professionals existed within Brazilian health care. In 2012, the summarize percentage of GDP worn bulge(p) on health cost in Brazil was at a four-year gamy of 9.3%.However, Brazils health exp decisioniture is uttermost humiliate than the United States health expenditure that spend a total of 17.9% in 2012. In Brazil the minute manners expectancy has been on the come on since 2000. In 2010, just Brazilian biography expectancy was reported at 73.5 historic p eriod with a disembodied spirit expectancy for men at 69.7 and for women at 77.3. The sister deathrate rate rate in Brazil has been fall over the years, merely is still considered senior high civilize for a developed nation. Maternal deathrate rate in Brazil is also decreasing in years and would be considered average compared to other countries. In an begin to remedy the national health care system in Brazil, the Brazilian government constituted the Mais Medicos broadcast, or to a greater extent than(prenominal) doctors programme, in 2013. The project was aimed to create close to 1,000 jobs for medical students to ladder to patients in the 22 states that have less doctors than the national averagemost of the states prevarication in the Northern region of the nation.In addition to their salaries, doctors are provided financial helper to cover housing and sustenance per municipalities of the government. The program depart employ physicians temporarily go the Brazi lian government looks to increase attendance to Brazilian medical schools over a short amount of time by offering substantial amounts of financial countenance and increasing expenditures on medical school scholarships. Originally, the program was offered to Brazilian resident doctors merely in an attempt to bring doctors from the more populated and urban areas to the farming(prenominal) and less populated areas. When few residential doctors applied, the Brazilian government extended Mais Medicos to Brazilian doctors who original their education overseas and foreign doctors. forward to applying, it was suggested that applicants should have a oecumenic sympathy of the Portuguese language in fiat to be accepted into the program.At the end of the application process, close to 20,000 doctors had submitted applications with listed preferences of the cities that they wish to employ in. Doctors involved in the program are required to work 40 hours a week for three years and whitet horn work no longer than 6 years in the program. The physicians accepted into the Mais Medicos program receive 10,000 Brazilian Reals (an equivalent to $4,501 US dollars) per month to spend on housing and necessities. During 2013, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff imported nearly 11,000 Cuban physicians to serve in the program. Cuban physicians were to serve similar hours, but their salaries would be sent to the Cuban government who would swag 40%-50% of the earnings to the physicians running(a) in Brazil. This exchange has been an ongoing debate betwixt the medical community of Brazil and its government. The benefits listed supra are considered to be beneficial to physicians.The bread and butter expectancy, infant mortality rate rate, and maternal mortality rate are all at a good standing compared to novel generations in Brazil at that placefore, the physicians having these characteristics as a resume topic shows that they were a part of a change in Brazil. Although the Mais Medicos program seems to have some flaws and a definite group that disapproves of it, it also is seen by many to do well for the health care system in Brazil and has many supporters. The common problem in Brazil for health care professionals seems to be a lack of distribution of doctors into the more plain areas of the country. On average in Brazil, thither are barely(prenominal) 2 infirmary beds per 1,000 raft. In the northern regions of Brazil, where more rural areas are found, the amount of hospitals per resident is lower than the average. such(prenominal) like in the United States, doctors are very reluctant to the belief of beginning a practice in a small rural town. Reasons creation that small rural towns are usually less populated and on average bring in less sign income.In Brazil, the idea of practicing medicine in these depressed areas is even less exciting beca mathematical function of the government involvement in health care. In these areas, practices rece ive less anxiety including lack of supplies and infrastructure. Physicians located within wealthier and more populous areas have subtilely go bad access to equipment and infrastructure, but the conditions differ unless slightly. Doctors are extremely rushed with a constant overflow of patients and consistently working(a) in hot rooms with little air circulation. This is problem does not only exist in the public clinics of normal physicians. Specialist physicians have a grim fill of patients who do not privation a specialists care, but seek the specialist because there is no general physician available. Another altercate that Brazils physicians face is the terminate absence of electronic health records (EHRs).Although electronic health records can be vexed and costly to implement, the benefits of them to a health system that lacks infrastructure can be monumental. EHRs reform quality, convenience, care coordination, practice efficiencies, and cost efficiencies. Implem enting electronic health records would improve the quality of Brazils physicians work environment. The last gainsay Brazil physicians face is the existence of rottenness within the system. One example includes Brazils wealthier population nonrecreational physicians nether the table to treat them in the beginning others. While some patients are in imposing need of an operation or treatment, a wealthier patient has the opportunity to offer the physician an amount of money that impart impart the physician to treat their situation before otherseven though the others have been hold an extended amount of time.Unfortunately, these types of situations are not illegal in Brazil therefore, it happens frequently. In the United States, health care has only recently been provided as universal coverage. It is an ongoing debate to whether health care in America is a right or a privilege. The United States has incessantly offered free health coverage to the time-honored and the poorpaid fo r by taxpayers. In 2010, Medicare and Medicaid covered at least 112,979,783. In addition to Medicare and Medicaid, most of the American population has chosen to receive employer-based health coverage. The number of Americans with employer-based health coverage, however, has been declining since the discussion of the Affordable sustainment characterization. Since the Affordable Care Act has come about, over 8 million people have signed up for coverage with 87% of the newly insured being previously uninsurable. In 2012, the military personnel bank reported that there were 2.5 physicians per 1,000 people.In 2012, the total percentage of GDP spent on health expenditure in the United States was at a 17.9%. This total is far greater than the amount of GDP spent on health expenditure in Brazil. In the United States the average spirit expectancy has steadily increased over generations. The life expectancy reported in 2012 was 78.7 years. Although it would normally be a slight age diff erence, it is an incredible gap for life expectancy with Brazil at 73.5. The infant mortality rate in the United States has been steady over recent years at 6 deaths per 1,000 births. Maternal mortality rate is significantly lower in the U.S. than Brazil with Brazil at 69 deaths per 100,000 births and the United States at 28 deaths per 100,000 births. Overall, physicians working in the United States would have a greater professional advantage over those who practice in Brazil.Not only does the United States report superior statistics for life expectancy, infant mortality rate, and maternal mortality rate, but the United States is generally a wealthier nation than Brazil. Because the United States has been a body politic for over 200 years and because of their general wealth, it is likely that the United States is in a better position to take over a health care system plan like Brazils. Much like Brazil, the United States new ACA health care plan has cut the uninsurable rate in half and will continue decreasing the number of uninsured over the next several years. In regards to the subversive activity that Brazil faces on a daily basis with the wealthy paying physicians under the table, the United States cannot completely rein in out the possibilities of that happening within the new health care system. However, regulations and laws have been established to prevent such situations.While there are many benefits to becoming a healthcare professional in the United States, there are also some challenges. One of the greatest challenges that physicians in the United States will face under the ACA is the growing number of patients who need to be seen by a doctor. New patients will flood waiting rooms with problems that may be preexisting with no prior treatment. However, doctors may not mind seeing more patients per day, because the amount of insurance reimbursement doctors receive will continue to decline. This is because the Affordable Care Act not only set out to achieve health care for more Americans, but it also set out to decrease overall health care costs.With the discussion of the ACA causing insurance reimbursement shrinking and higher insurance premiums, it will puzzle more costly to run a private practice. Overall, both the United States and Brazils health care system have their advantages and disadvantages. While American physicians are struggling with shrinking reimbursements and a surplus of patients, Brazilian physicians are struggling with a lack of equipment and supplies and are challenged by corruption regularly. While it seems that the United States is leaning towards a similar health care system to Brazils United Health System, Americans can correct the mistakes made by Brazil in regards to the treatment and use of its health care professionals.ReferencesThe Affordable Care Act A Quick imbibe for Physicians. (n.d.). National Physicians Alliance. Retrieved July 9, 2014, from http//npalliance.org/wp-content/upl oads/NPA-ACA.Quick_.Guide_.for_.Physicians.041311.pBevins, V. (2014, January 6). Brazils chairman imports Cuban doctors to ease shortage. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 12, 2014, from http//www.latimes.com/world/la-fg-ff-brazil-doctors-20140106-story.html scalawag=1Elias, Paulo Eduardo M., and Amelia Cohn. Health Reform in Brazil Lessons to Consider. PubMed Central. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 July 2014. Retrieved July 1, 2014, from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles>Flying in doctors. (2013, August 31). The Economist. 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